Among all types of organic electrode materials, the carbonyl compounds have attracted significant attention as potentially high-capacity cathode or anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. More importantly, the understanding of active organic functional groups for efficient lithium storage may accomplish the molecular-level design of the electrode and a large number of new types of electrodes can be developed. The organic electrode materials are potentially low-cost, recyclable, and safe (less exothermic) when fully discharged. The organic electrode materials 9– 30 are suggested to be alternative electrode candidates for next-generation LIBs because of their distinct merits compared to the inorganic analogs. Nowadays, most of the studies focus on the inorganic materials and their carbon-involved composites 5– 8.
Despite extensive efforts in the synthesis of electrode materials, the rational design of lithium-ion battery electrodes that meet high specific capacity, high-energy density, and outstanding stability remains a challenge 3, 4.
MATERIALS STUDIO ELECTRON DIFFRACTION PORTABLE
The application of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) for energy storage has attracted considerable interest due to their wide use in portable electronics and promising application for high-power electric vehicles 1, 2. This work may pave the way to the development of high-capacity electrodes for organic rechargeable batteries. Aided by theoretical calculations and electrochemical probing of the electrochemical behavior at different stages of cycling, the storage mechanism is revealed to be governed by 14-electron redox chemistry for a covalent organic framework monomer with one lithium ion per C=N group and six lithium ions per benzene ring. Remarkably, upon activation, this organic electrode delivers a large reversible capacity of 1536 mAh g −1 and can sustain 500 cycles at 100 mA g −1. Here, we report the synthesis of a few-layered two-dimensional covalent organic framework trapped by carbon nanotubes as the anode of lithium-ion batteries. However, before any practical implementation takes place, the low capacity, poor structural stability, and sluggish ion/electron diffusion kinetics remain the obstacles that have to be overcome. Conjugated polymeric molecules have been heralded as promising electrode materials for the next-generation energy-storage technologies owing to their chemical flexibility at the molecular level, environmental benefit, and cost advantage.
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